Možná, že jste dnes ráno posnídali avokádový toast, případně vás večer čeká mexická restaurace a nachos s omáčkou guacamole. Tak či tak se toto lahodně krémové ovoce stalo za posledních pár let nedílnou součástí jídelníčku spousty lidí v západním světě.
Není divu: konzumace avokáda má řadu zdraví prospěšných účinků. Je bohaté na vlákninu, zdravé tuky, vitaminy C, E, B6, draslík, hořčík, antioxidanty a řadu dalších látek. Není divu, že se rychle stalo oblíbené po celém světě.
Obrovská popularita avokáda je však vykoupená temnou stránkou produkce: k vypěstování jednoho kusu je zapotřebí až 320 litrů vody, což z oblíbeného plodu rostliny s českým názvem hruškovec přelahodný dělá jednu z nejneudržitelnějších plodin vůbec.
Monokulturní plantáže, které jsou nutné k uspokojení celosvětové poptávky po avokádu, způsobují odlesňování a ztrátu biologické rozmanitosti, extrémní povětrnostní podmínky, rozsáhlou degradaci půdy a nedostatek pitné vody zejména v komunitách, které avokádo pěstují.
Tohoto paradoxu si všimla britská designérka Arina Shokouhi, a navrhla ecovado, udržitelnou alternativu vytvořenou z lokálních surovin. „Avokádo se stalo novodobou kulturní ikonou. Produkce avokáda je však energeticky a surovinově náročná. Proto mě napadlo navrhnout novou lokální verzi avokáda,“ tvrdí designérka a čerstvá absolventka prestižní londýnské školy Central Saint Martins.
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Avokádo pochází z Mexika, kde se konzumuje již více než deset tisíc let a přezdívá se mu máslo chudých. V roce 2020 se ho na světě vyprodukovalo neuvěřitelných 8,1 milionu tun. Kromě Mexika jsou hlavními vývozci také Chile, Peru, Izrael nebo Indonésie.
Popularita avokáda raketově vzrostla zejména s nástupem hipsterských kaváren. Díky jeho vlastnostem se rychle stalo synonymem pro zdravý životní styl. Pamatujete na tvrzení australského developera, podle kterého může nadměrná konzumace „avotoastů“ za to, že si mileniálové nemohou dovolit koupit vlastní nemovitost?
Podle Světového ekonomického fóra se ročně na celém světě spotřebuje jedenáct miliard kilogramů lahodného ovoce v tržní hodnotě kolem 2,5 miliardy dolarů. Z toho sedm procent připadá na jeden jediný den v roce: finále poháru amerického fotbalu Super Bowl, kdy prý z mexického státu Michoacán vyjíždí každých šest minut kamion plný avokáda určený pro vývoz do Spojených států.
Ecovado je tak šetrnou alternativou k avokádu, která v neotřelém designu představuje neznámé, zato rozmanitější kombinace ingrediencí. Vzniklo ve spolupráci s vědcem Jackem Wallmanem z Centra potravinářských inovací v Nottinghamu, který pomohl Arině analyzovat avokádo a vymyslet náhradní ingredience pro jeho jemnou chuť.
Ecovado tak obsahuje lískové oříšky, jablka, řepku, ale hlavně fazole. Jako náhradu za ikonickou pecku je potom do krémové náplně umístěn prostý vlašský ořech.
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Vyladěný recept Shokouhi zabalila do realistické umělé slupky vyrobené z vosku a obarvené potravinářským barvivem. Obal je biologicky odbouratelný, kompostovatelný a lze z něj vyrobit i svíčku.
Evocado se zatím nevyrábí, ale Shokouhi doufá, že se výroba brzo rozjede. „V budoucnu by bylo zábavné vyrábět další ecovado pro různé země. Tohle první bylo britské ecovado. Ale jak by chutnalo třeba v Japonsku? Jaké ingredience jsou vůbec v Japonsku místní?“ ptá se designérka a prý doufá, že svým návrhem oklame i ty nejcitlivější hipsterské chuťové buňky.
